Blogs - IISPPR

International Relations

International Trade Agreements and Trade Volumes: Influence on the Economic Growth of Countries

Do trade agreements make countries grow faster? This study of ASEAN-6, USMCA and EU economies finds that trade openness alone is a weak predictor of GDP growth (r = 0.205, R² = 0.042). Trade agreements and rising trade volumes act as enabling conditions, not automatic drivers. Their benefits depend on a country’s development stage, institutions and wider economic conditions.

October 15, 2026 No Comments

Quality Education

The Gap between Budget and Expenditure in the Indian Education System

This study examines the divergence between budgetary allocations and actual expenditures in India’s education sector from 2019 to 2025. It identifies administrative delays and sub-national fiscal disparities, emphasizing strategic financial planning and rigorous monitoring to optimize fund utilization.

October 13, 2026 No Comments

Decent Work and Economic Growth

State Tax Effort and Manufacturing Performance Across Indian States: A Two-Way Fixed-Effects Panel Analysis

Limited empirical evidence examines the association between state-level tax effort, measured by own tax revenue relative to GSDP, and manufacturing performance across Indian states using a two-way fixed-effects panel framework. The present study addresses this gap by examining whether state tax effort is significantly associated with manufacturing performance across 28 Indian states during FY 2017–18 to FY 2023–24, while controlling for GSDP growth, Credit/GSDP, state-specific effects and year-specific effects using regression models.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Public Policies

Gap Between Budget and Expenditure in the Indian School Education System: A State-Level Analysis of Utilisation, Financing, and Outcomes

This study examines the gap between budget estimates and actual expenditure in elementary and secondary education across 28 Indian states from 2022-23 to 2024-25. It classifies states into five utilisation categories and compares five case states: Punjab, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. Utilisation is linked to enrolment, dropout, and resource indicators. Findings show that utilisation alone does not explain differences in educational outcomes.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Quality Education

BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR AI AND SMART SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE AFTER NEP 2020: A comparative analysis study of Indian states

This study examines post-NEP 2020 funding for AI and smart-school infrastructure across seven Indian states, comparing budget priorities, expenditure patterns, and functional infrastructure to assess whether financial commitments translate into effective digital implementation and improved technological capacity in government schools.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Miscellaneous

India’s CEPA Strategy and Economic Growth: Assessing Trade Expansion, Economic Gains and Realised Outcomes

India’s CEPA strategy reflects a shift toward diversified trade partnerships. This study empirically examines five CEPAs across trade expansion, economic gains, and realized outcomes, assessing whether tariff liberalization translates into sustained benefits and strategic economic gains for India.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

International Relations

Mapping Emerging Geopolitical Alignments through Network Analysis of UN Voting Patterns

This study examines whether United Nations General Assembly voting patterns can serve as indicators of emerging geopolitical realignment. Using voting data from 1946–2025 and network analysis, it distinguishes persistent voting communities from temporary or issue-specific convergence, highlighting how alignments evolve across different geopolitical issues.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Miscellaneous

THE LAST DIGITAL FOOTPRINT: RETHINKING THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY AND CONTROL OVER PERSONAL DATA IN THE DIGITAL AFTERLIFE AND RIGHTS IN THESE DIGITAL TIMES.

Death may end biological life, but it does not necessarily end informational existence. This study examines post-mortem privacy and control over personal data in the digital afterlife, analysing existing legal frameworks and their limitations. It argues for a coherent system that balances the autonomy and dignity of the deceased with the rights of living persons, legitimate preservation interests, and platform accountability.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Miscellaneous

Identifying Emerging Geopolitical Alliances through Network Analysis of UN Voting Patterns

This research analyzes UN General Assembly voting patterns from 2015 to 2025 using network analysis. By tracking voting similarity, the study uncovers shifting geopolitical alliances and political convergences before formal treaties emerge.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

Public Policies

The Last Digital Footprint: Rethinking the Right to Privacy and Control Over Personal Data in the Digital Afterlife and Rights in These Digital Times

Generative AI can now turn a deceased person’s data into an active synthetic identity. Comparing India, the US, and the EU, this paper proposes a dignity-based legislative model, anchored in Article 21, to govern digital afterlives in India.

October 11, 2026 No Comments

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