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IISPPR

Category: International Relations

International Relations
Vani Bhat

From Political Solidarity to Strategic Partnership: The Evolution of China–Africa Economic Relations

This study explores the historical evolution of China–Africa economic relations, tracing their transformation from political solidarity to strategic economic partnership. It evaluates how shifting Chinese economic priorities have influenced Africa’s development through trade, infrastructure investment, industrialisation, and long-term economic cooperation.

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International Relations
Jayagayathri E

Climate Refugees and the Limits of International Law

As rising seas, extreme weather, and environmental degradation displace millions, international law remains tethered to outdated definitions of persecution. This paper examines the legal vacuum confronting climate refugees and the urgent need for a more inclusive and equitable global protection framework.

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International Relations
Priyanjli Tanwar

BEYOND SACRED AND SECULAR: RELIGION AS STRATEGIC GRAMMAR IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN POLITICS

Why do religions that look so alike produce such different political outcomes across Southeast Asia? This paper argues that religion is never a fixed force, it is a “strategic grammar”: a shared vocabulary of belonging, legitimacy and threat that leaders draw on selectively, shaped by history, institutions and regional norms. The same tradition can justify exclusion in one state and negotiation in another, revealing religion not as destiny, but as a language leaders learn to speak differently.

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International Relations
PRIYANSHU KESHRI

A GEOPOLITICAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF THE IRAN–ISRAEL–UNITED STATES CONFLICT AND ITS IMPACT ON INDIA’S ENERGY SECURITY

This paper examines the causal architecture of the ongoing West Asia conflict involving the United States, Israel, and Iran, and its cascading effects on global energy markets and India’s energy security. With crude oil import dependency reaching nearly 89 percent in FY 2023–24, India remains acutely vulnerable to disruptions along the Strait of Hormuz. The paper argues that the resulting LPG supply shock stems from calculated escalation rooted in four interlocking causes: Iran’s contested nuclear ambitions, the collapse of the JCPOA, militarization dynamics seen in the Twelve-Day War, and the theoretical relationship between petrostates and militarized interstate disputes — situating India’s predicament within a condition of “dual energy dependency.”

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International Relations
Tavishi Jasaiwal

India’s Export Potential in a Post-China Global Economy

This paper examines India’s export potential in the context of the changing global trade landscape shaped by the “China Plus One” strategy and global supply chain diversification. It aims to evaluate whether India possesses the structural, institutional, and policy capacity to emerge as a competitive manufacturing alternative to China by analysing export trends, policy initiatives, logistics, and integration into global value chains. Using a mixed-method approach and a comparative case study of Vietnam, the study finds that while India has made sector-specific gains, particularly in electronics and pharmaceuticals, persistent structural constraints continue to limit broad-based manufacturing competitiveness and export-led growth.

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