ABSTRACT

The global balance of power is changing. After decades of being dominated by two major powers, the world is slowly moving toward a system where power is shared among several countries. This paper studies the shift from bipolarity—when two superpowers controlled global politics—to multipolarity, where many countries now influence international decisions. It looks at why this change is happening, focusing on economic growth, military strength, technological progress, and political influence. The study examines the changing role of the United States, the rise of China, the return of Russia as a major power, and the growing importance of countries like India and regional groups such as the European Union and BRICS. The paper also discusses how globalization and international institutions affect this transition. Finally, it analyzes how multipolarity impacts global peace, cooperation, and conflict, arguing that while a multipolar world allows more voices to be heard, it also creates uncertainty and new challenges for global stability.