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Category: Public Policies
Public Policies
Shivani Malik

Adult Literacy, Primary Enrolment and Income Inequality: An Exploratory Descriptive Analysis of 23 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

This exploratory study examines whether adult literacy and primary gross enrolment move with income inequality (the Gini coefficient) across 23 low- and middle-income countries, using public UNESCO and World Bank data. Associations are weak, positive and imprecise, and none shows higher education accompanying lower inequality. Results are descriptive, sensitive to timing and measurement, and do not show causal effects

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October 25, 2026 No Comments
Public Policies
Garima Sharma

The global learning crisis: why 273 million children are still out of school

This study presents a cross-country quantitative analysis of learning poverty, school completion, and gender disparities, examining their relationship with socioeconomic disadvantage. Findings reveal a significant positive association between poverty and learning poverty, situating educational exclusion within broader inequalities and crisis contexts.

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October 25, 2026 No Comments
Public Policies
Yugesh R

Gap Between Budget and Expenditure in the Indian School Education System: A State-Level Analysis of Utilisation, Financing, and Outcomes

This study examines the gap between budget estimates and actual expenditure in elementary and secondary education across 28 Indian states from 2022-23 to 2024-25. It classifies states into five utilisation categories and compares five case states: Punjab, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. Utilisation is linked to enrolment, dropout, and resource indicators. Findings show that utilisation alone does not explain differences in educational outcomes.

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October 11, 2026 No Comments
Public Policies
Garima Rathore

THE NEW LEVIATHAN: AI POWER, PRIVACY AND INDIA’S SOCIAL DIVIDE- AN ANALYSIS IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT

This study critically examines the intersection of Artificial Intelligence, privacy, and social inequalities in India. Drawing on primary data from a demographically diverse sample of 150+ respondents across different regions, it explores how factors such as income, age, gender, education, and social background shape AI awareness, access, and privacy concerns. The findings highlight disparities in AI understanding, the complex relationship between AI literacy and privacy awareness, and the need for stronger digital education, collective responsibility, and adaptive legal frameworks to address emerging privacy challenges in the AI era.

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October 8, 2026 No Comments
Public Policies
KISLAY PRAJAPATI

From Allocation to Absorption: A Policy Cycle Analysis of Structural Fund Utilisation Gaps in Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (2018-2024)

Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan consistently fails to absorb its approved funds; states spent only around two-thirds of their allocations between 2018 and 2024. Using Lasswell’s Policy Cycle Framework, this paper diagnoses the gap as structural, originating across the formulation, budgeting, implementation, and monitoring stages.

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September 30, 2026 No Comments