Authors: Payal Kumari, Anuradha Padhy, Pallavi Chikkala

ABSTRACT

Climate change in In dia poses a severe challenge for marginalized and low-income communities. It exacerbates poverty, threatens food and water security, and increases health and livelihood risks for vulnerable populations. This review examines evidence on climate impacts among India’s marginalized groups, focusing on how caste, tribal status, and gender influence vulnerability. We summarize findings on how extreme events and gradual climate changes affect health, agriculture, migration, and livelihoods. Using a vulnerability and environmental justice perspective, we highlight how social inequality shapes differential outcomes. Finally, we discuss policy implications for more inclusive adaptation and outline areas for future research.

Keywords: climate change; marginalized communities; vulnerability; India; policy.