Authors: Sonal Dhingra, Sushoma Sinha, Saikrishna C R, Kirti Singh

ABSTRACT

The study investigates India’s Renewable energy exports to the European Union (EU) in the period from 2012 to 2021 and is based on the policy framework of the European Green Deal through three main sectors – solar, wind and electric vehicles (EVs). It evaluates how the changing EU environmental regulations, trade policies, and sustainability mechanisms have resulted in the ups and downs of India’s renewable exports. The regression results show that the export growth in these sectors is mainly driven by the policy changes rather than by market forces. On the other hand, solar exports indicate an alertness to global energy prices and EU renewable consumption, while wind exports are swayed by tariff systems, certification conformities, and technology access. Compared to other sectors, the EV sector shows the greatest policy dependency.

Its competitiveness is directly linked to EU-level adoption mandates, certification standards, and moreover, India’s domestic initiatives such as FAME-II and PLI schemes. The research highlights that the export paths are set by the strategic synchrony of India’s renewable production policies and the EU’s sustainability frameworks. Ultimately, it affirms that the EU Green Deal serves not only as an environmental strategy but also as an economic governance tool that determines trade between India and the EU in the field of renewable energy and cooperation.

Keywords: European Union (EU), Green Deal, Renewable Energy exports , Solar Sector, Wind Energy, Electric vehicles (EVs), Sustainability